PTCL Safety Glossary: Base

Chemists define the word base in a variety of ways. The simplest (though perhaps most limited) is that a base generates hydroxide ions (OH^-) when dissolved in water. Typical bases according to this definition are the alkali hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

The pH of a strongly basic solution will be in the range 11-14. Basic solutions are caustic and corrosive, but the most serious hazard they present is damage to the eyes. A strongly basic solution will attack the cornea very rapidly, and may create sufficient damage to cause blindness. Safety glasses must therefore always be worn when handling bases.

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